Enhanced Accumulation of Betulinic Acid in Transgenic Hairy Roots of Senna obtusifolia Growing in the Sprinkle Bioreactor and Evaluation of Their Biological Properties in Various Biological Models

Betulinic acid, which is found in transgenic roots of Senna obtusifolia (L.) H.S.Irwin & Barneby, a pentacyclic triterpene with distinctive pharmacological activities. In this study, we report the differences content betulinic acid and selected anthraquinones S. hairy overexpression PgSS1 gene (SOPSS2 line) transformed without genetic construct (SOA41 line). Both root lines grew 10 L sprinkle bioreactor. Additionally, extracts obtained from plant material were used for biological tests. Our results demonstrated that SOPSS2 cultures bioreactor showed an increase (38.125 mg/g DW), compared to SOA41 line (4.213 DW). Biological studies have shown cytotoxic antiproliferative effect on U-87MG glioblastoma cells, altering level apoptotic proteins (Bax, p53, Puma Noxa). Antimicrobial properties both tested extracts, stronger extract. Moreover, moderate antiviral norovirus surrogates.